The Ruby Red Peacock African Cichlid (Aulonocara rubescens) is indeed a stunning and popular fish in the aquarium trade, known for its vibrant coloration and striking appearance. Here’s a breakdown of the important points regarding this fish:

Scientific Background:

• Species: Aulonocara rubescens, also known as the Ruby Red Peacock, is a member of the Aulonocara genus, which is part of the African cichlids from Lake Malawi.
• Origin: The Ruby Red Peacock is derived from the Maleri Island population of Aulonocara stuartgranti Maleri, a wild type of the Peacock Cichlid. It was selectively bred over time to enhance the bright red-orange coloration.

Naming History:

• Rubescens: The name “Rubescens” comes from the Latin word for “blushing” or “reddening,” which is an apt description for the vibrant, reddish-orange hue of the fish.
• Peter Rubin: The name “Rubescens” was also tied to Peter Rubin, who was one of the first to import this fish into the aquarium trade from Germany. This personal connection to the importer further explains the naming choice, and the fish became widely known by this name in the hobby.

Breeding:

• The Ruby Red Peacock is not a hybrid, but rather a line-bred variant of the wild Aulonocara sp. Stuartgranti Maleri. Over time, breeders selected for the most colorful fish, enhancing the vibrant reds, which led to the popular aquarium strain we see today.

Color and Appearance:

• The male Ruby Red Peacock displays brilliant red-orange coloration, especially when in breeding condition. They also have a characteristic blue or teal shimmer on their head, belly, and pectoral fins, adding to their eye-catching appeal.
• Females, like most African cichlids, are less colorful, usually showing a more muted grey or brown coloration, with some pale blues around the fins.

Aquarium Care:

• Tank Size: To keep a Ruby Red Peacock comfortably, you’ll need an aquarium of at least 55 gallons or larger, with plenty of swimming space.
• Water Conditions: Like all Malawi cichlids, they require alkaline water, typically with a pH between 7.5 and 8.5, and a temperature range of 76°F to 82°F.
• Substrate and Decor: A sandy substrate is ideal, with rocks and caves for hiding and territory creation, as these fish can be territorial, especially during breeding.

Diet:

• The Ruby Red Peacock, like other African cichlids, is primarily a carnivore, but will accept a varied diet, including high-quality pellets, flakes, frozen foods (like brine shrimp and mysis shrimp), and even some vegetable matter such as spirulina-based foods.

Compatibility:

• Ruby Red Peacocks can be kept with other peaceful cichlids, like other Aulonocara species, as well as other non-aggressive fish from Lake Malawi. However, males can become territorial, especially during breeding, so it’s important to provide plenty of space and hiding places.

Conclusion:

The Ruby Red Peacock African Cichlid is a beautiful and colorful addition to any cichlid aquarium, and its origins from the wild Aulonocara sp. Stuartgranti Maleri population only add to its appeal for serious hobbyists. Its vibrant colors, calm nature (though territorial), and stunning appearance make it a must-have for enthusiasts of African cichlids.