Description

The Taiwan Reef Cichlid (Protomelas sp. Steveni Taiwan) is a stunning and popular cichlid species originating from the Taiwan Reef area in Lake Malawi, Africa. Known for their vibrant electric blue and bright yellow colors, they are a favorite among aquarium enthusiasts. Here’s a comprehensive care guide:

Quick Facts

• Scientific Name: Protomelas sp. Steveni Taiwan
• Common Name: Taiwan Reef Cichlid
• Native Habitat: Taiwan Reef, Lake Malawi, Africa
• Lifespan: 5–7 years (up to 10 years with optimal care)
• Adult Size: Typically 6–7 inches; can reach up to 10 inches
• Temperament: Mildly aggressive, territorial
• Minimum Tank Size: 75 gallons

Care Requirements

Water Parameters

• Temperature: 78–82°F (25.5–28°C)
• pH Level: 7.8–8.6 (alkaline)
• Filtration: Requires a strong filtration system to manage waste and provide turbulent water flow, mimicking natural conditions.
• Water Changes: Perform 20–50% weekly water changes and vacuum gravel to prevent waste buildup. Avoid sudden changes in water chemistry.

Diet

• Natural Diet: Primarily algae.
• Captive Diet: Offer high-quality reef cichlid pellets, spirulina-based foods, and flakes rich in vegetable matter and fiber. Avoid overfeeding to prevent digestive issues.

Tank Setup

• Tank Size: Minimum 75 gallons for a single male and several females.
• Substrate: Sand or fine gravel (ideal for digging).
• Decor: Arrange rocks and caves to provide territories and hiding spaces.
• Tank Mates:
  • Compatible with Haps, Peacocks, and Plecos.
  • Avoid Mbuna and overly aggressive species.
  • Recommended tank mates include:
    • Red Shoulder Peacock
    • Malawi Peacocks
    • Victorian Haps
    • Star Sapphire Cichlid

Breeding

• Reproduction: Mouthbrooders. Females hold fertilized eggs in their mouths for 3–4 weeks.
• Setup: One male with several females works best. Males display increased aggression during breeding.
• Fry Care: After hatching, both parents neglect the fry, so provide separate care for the young if needed.

Common Diseases

1. Swim Bladder Disease
   • Symptoms: Difficulty swimming or staying submerged.
   • Prevention: High-fiber diet and varied nutrition.
2. Malawi Bloat
   • Symptoms: Swollen abdomen, rapid breathing, reduced appetite.
   • Treatment: Water changes and medication like Metronidazole.
3. Tuberculosis
   • Symptoms: Lethargy, sunken stomach, frayed fins.
   • Action: Remove infected fish, disinfect the tank.
4. Gill Flukes
   • Symptoms: Gasping for air, redness in gills, rubbing on surfaces.
   • Treatment: Use aquarium salt and gradually raise water temperature.

Sexing Taiwan Reef Cichlids

• Males: Vibrant colors, including red pelvic and anal fins, with a white dorsal stripe. Full colors develop around 2 years of age.
• Females: Metallic silver body with “H” pattern markings. Less colorful than males.

By providing proper care, a suitable tank environment, and regular maintenance, your Taiwan Reef Cichlids can thrive and add spectacular color to your aquarium.